Shirky - Cognitive Surplus

Aus Leowiki

• "Imagine treating the free time of the world's educated citenry as an aggregate, a kind of cognitive surplus." (S. 9)

• "On the spectrum of creative work, the difference between the mediocre and the good is vast. Mediocrity is, however, still on the spectrum; oyou can move from mediocre to good in increments. The real gap is between doing nothing and doing something, and someone making lolcats had bridged that gap. (...) The pleasure in You can play this game too isn't just in the makring, it's also int eh sharing. The phrase "user-generated content," (...) really describes not just personal but also social acts. Lolcats aren't just user-generated, they are user-shared." (...) The atomization of social live in the twentieth century left us so far removed from participatory culture that when it cfame back, we needed the phrase "participatory culture" to describe it." (S. 18-19, Herv. i. Orig.)

• "The old view of online as a separate space, cyberspace, apart from the real world, was an accident of history." (S. 37)

• Über die Zeit vor Erfindung der Druckerpresse (S. 43-44, Herv. i. Orig.): "Hence most scribal capacity was given over to producing additional copies of extant works. (...) Indeed, the word novel comes from this period, when newness of content was itself new."

• "Edgar Allan Poe commented in 1845: "The enormous multiplication of books in every branch of knowledge is one of the greatest evils of this age; since it represents one of the most serious obstacles to the acquisition of correct information by throwing in the reader's way piles of lumber in which he must painfully grope for the scraps of useful lumber." (...) THe easier it is for the average person to publish, the more average what gets published becomes. But increasing freedom to participate in the public conversation has compensating values" (S. 47)

• "Lowered costs in any realm allow for increased experimentation; lowered costs for communication mean new experimentation in what gets thought and said." (S. 48; Anm.: vgl. Steve Johnson)

• "Like the owners of YouTube, the bar owner is in the curious business of offering value above the products and services he sells, value that is created by the customers for one another. People pay more to have a beer in a bar than they do at home because a bar is a more convivial place to have a drink;" (S. 58)

• "One function of the market in other words, is to provide platforms for us to engage in the things we value doing outside the market, whether those platforms are bars or websites." (S. 60)

• Grobanites example (S. 68): "Grobanites for Charity had members before it had a mission, its members raised money before they had an institution, and the founders created an institution even after someone else had settled all the legal issues."

• amateurism (S. 76 & 82): "amateur: someone who does something for the love of it" & "The essence of amateurism is intrinsic motivation"

• "Digital folk art often takes the form of a mashup" (S. 86)

• "Knowledge is the most combinable thing we humans have, but taking advantage of it requires special conditions. In his book The Economics of Knowledge, Dominique Foray, (...), identifies these conditions as the size of the community, the cost of sharing that knowledge, the clarity of what gets shared, and the cultural norms of the recipients." (S. 140)

• "The big change isn't utopia. Throwing off old constraints won't lead us to a world of no constraints." (S. 162)

• "Because the biggest threat to group action is internal, voluntary groups need governance so that we can defend ourselves; we need governance to create a space we can create in." (S. 179)

• Wandel der Gutenberg-Presse vom Instrument der kirchlichen Herrschaft zum Instrument der Reformation (S. 188)

• "This is the paradox of revolution. The bigger the opportunity offered by new tools, the less completely anyone can extrapolate the future from the previous shape of society. (...) Hence, creating the most value from a tool involves not master plans or great leaps forward but constant trial and error." (S. 189-191)

• "Triumph of the default" (S: 197 & Chapter 4)

• "Even communities that end up with a lot of rules and requirements don't start out with them. Solving the problems as they arise means not putting a process in place until you need it." (S. 205)

• Interessante Fallbeispiele:
  • PickupPal.com: Carpooling-Seite
  • PatientsLikeMe.com
  • FanFiction.net

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