Lester und Piore - Innovation Kommentar

Aus Leowiki

Eine, zugegeben nicht unkluge Idee, nämlich dass für Innovationsprozesse in Unvernehemn einander bis zu einem gewissen Grad prinzipiell widersprechende, analytische und interpretative Kompetenzen gefordert sind, wird auf Buchlänge ausgewalzt. Am interessantesten ist dabei noch die Schlussfolgerung, dass es für den interpretativen Teil von Innovationen "public spaces" bedarf, die wiederum durch übergroßen Wettbewerb bedroht bzw. im Wettbewerb prinzipiell prekär sind.

• Als Fälle werden, allerdings wenig systematisch, Mobilfunkhersteller (Ericsson, Matsushita, Nikia, Motorolla), Levi's Blue Jeans und einige Biotechnologie-Firmen untersucht.
• "In every case different domains of knowledge were brought together to form something new and original, and in the process the initial elements lost their identity and were no longer recognizable." (S. 10)
• "The rationale for opening borders, and for the things that happen when one does, involved a very different approach to management, one which we call interpretation." (S. 34, Herv. i. Orig.)
• "From our interviews, we concluded that the way in which problems come to be identified and clarified to the point where a solution can be developed is through a process of conversation among people and organizations with different backgrounds and perspectives." (S. 49)
• Zentral für interpretative Prozesse ist die Metapher einer Cocktail-Party, bei der Leute zufällig zusammenkommen, die sich nicht regelmäßig treffen und wo die Hauptaufgabe der Gastgeber darin besteht, die Konversationen am Laufen zu halten. (z.B. S. 56 ff.)
• "In most economic environments, conversation is inhibited by fear of disclosing competitive assets and, not infrequently, a general climate of suspicion and mistrust." (S. 60)
• "Disruptive innovations pose a threat whenever a successful firm cuts itself off from customers on the periphery of the market who are an important source of insight into technological possibilities." (S. 68)
• "But each of these solutions to the coordination problem presents the same difficulty. Both lagnuages - the language of prices and the language of corporate bureaucracies - are impoverished and stripped-down. They are impoverished because they are too complete. They preclude the very ambiguity that is the fulcrum for interpretation and the source of creativity." (S. 89)
• Table Analysis vs. Interpretation (S. 97)
• "The interpretive process is also inherently in conflict with the economic environment in which business operates. Interpretation involves cooperation, transparency and disclosure. It also demands a degree of trust that your interlocutor is not deliberately trying to deceive you Economic competition, on the other hand, fosters opportunism, secrecy, and confidentiality. It creates and environment of suspicion and distrust." (...) These competitive obstacles both within and among firms suggest the need for public spaces within which free-flowing conversations can occur." (S. 119; Herv. i. Orig.)
• Five types of public space (S. 122):
  • The interior of the firm itself
  • Industrial districts
  • The regulatory process
  • The university
  • The media and the arts

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